mode switches that
// could leak whitespace before the XML declaration.
// ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>' . "\n";
echo '<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">' . "\n";

foreach ($urls as $u) {
    $enUrl = htmlspecialchars($u['en'], ENT_XML1, 'UTF-8');
    $kuUrl = htmlspecialchars($u['ku'], ENT_XML1, 'UTF-8');

    foreach (['en' => $enUrl, 'ku' => $kuUrl] as $lang => $loc) {
        echo "  <url>\n";
        echo "    <loc>{$loc}</loc>\n";
        echo "    <xhtml:link rel=\"alternate\" hreflang=\"en\" href=\"{$enUrl}\"/>\n";
        echo "    <xhtml:link rel=\"alternate\" hreflang=\"ku\" href=\"{$kuUrl}\"/>\n";
        echo "    <xhtml:link rel=\"alternate\" hreflang=\"x-default\" href=\"{$enUrl}\"/>\n";
        echo "    <lastmod>{$u['lastmod']}</lastmod>\n";
        echo "    <changefreq>{$u['freq']}</changefreq>\n";
        echo "    <priority>{$u['priority']}</priority>\n";
        echo "  </url>\n";
    }
}

echo '</urlset>' . "\n";